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Reflections on the Balkan War

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It should not come as a surprise that war has erupted between the Balkan states and Turkey. The real astonishment lies in the fact that this conflict did not arise many years earlier. Even the most fervent proponents of peace acknowledge that war becomes inevitable when systematic injustice and tyranny persist over prolonged periods.

However, resorting to war is always a precarious choice. At this moment, it remains uncertain whether the actions taken by the Balkan states will improve or worsen their situation. History narrates a poignant tale in such matters Mutual Defense Agreement Between Bulgaria and Greece. In clashes of brute force, the stronger party, all factors considered, tends to prevail. The Turkish army, recognized as a formidable fighting force, poses a significant challenge to the smaller allied states attempting to confront it.

Even if the Balkan states emerge victorious, the use of wa

Mutual Defense Agreement Between Bulgaria and Greece

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Article 4

If either of the two governments involved in this agreement declares war on a state other than Turkey without prior understanding and consent from the other government, the latter is released from its obligations outlined in Article 1. However, it remains obligated to maintain a friendly neutral stance towards its ally for the duration of the war.

Article 5

During a joint war, neither of the allied states can enter into an armistice lasting more than twenty-four hours without prior understanding and consent from the other allied state. A written agreement between the contracting parties is also necessary before either of them engages in peace negotiations or concludes a peace treaty.

Article 6

If, after mobilizing their armed forces or taking the field, Greece is compelled to address the Cretan question due to the wishes of the island’s inhabitants and is subsequently attacked by Turkey, Bulgaria commits to providing assistanc

Military Cooperation Pact Between Bulgaria and Greece

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Article 2

In the event of Turkey attacking Greece, Bulgaria commits to declaring war on Turkey and mobilizing its forces, totaling a minimum of three hundred thousand men as outlined in the previous article. Bulgaria will coordinate its military actions with the plans devised by the Bulgarian General Staff.

Similarly, if Turkey attacks Bulgaria, Greece pledges to declare war on Turkey and deploy its forces, totaling a minimum of one hundred and twenty thousand men as specified in the earlier article. Greece will align its military operations with the plans of the Greek General Staff. The primary objective of the Greek fleet, in these scenarios Birdwatching Bulgaria, is to control the Aegean Sea and disrupt communication between Asia Minor and Turkey in Europe.

In the outlined situations, Bulgaria commits to launching an offensive with a substantial part of its army ag

Zoe and Theodora part 98

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147. These two friends were John Xiphilinus, a native of Trebizond, who had been appointed Professor of Law (Nomophylax) in the University of Constantinople reorganized in 1045 and probably John Mauropous, a native of...

Zoe and Theodora part 97

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116. In September 1047.117. The army of the East was at this time engaged in Armenia Magna.118. In the part near the monastery of the Anargyroi, not far from Blachernae.119. Cedrenus (765D, p. 564)...

Zoe and Theodora part 96

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105. The protospatharius Pardus owed his appointment as successor to Maniaces not to any outstanding ability but to the fact that he was known to the emperor.106. Stephanus (cf. note 83). The batde took...

Zoe and Theodora part 95

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97. Sclerena was a niece of Pulcheria, sister of Romanus Sclerus and grand-daughter of Bardas. She had shared Constantine’s exile on Lesbos. She was unpopular with the people. In fact, so vehement was the...

Zoe and Theodora part 94

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86. Herodotus, the famous Greek historian, is said to have beer the son of Lyxes and Dryo, and was born at Halicarnassus in 484 B.C. Several Greek writers are known to have attacked him...

Zoe and Theodora part 93

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It is not my purpose at the moment to describe the object of their choice, but I will say that the man chosen was pretty well the best candidate, except that he was the...

Zoe and Theodora part 92

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While still subject to the limitations of human nature, they behave as though they were demi-gods among us. For the other attributes of Divinity they affect utter contempt. There is no effort to harmonize...

Balkan Tours

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Bulgarian Church

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Discovering Perge

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Zoe and Theodora part 83

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